On January 21, 1936, Tedesko presented his idea for a huge arena to Mr. Through a contact with the Portland Cement Company, Witmer was put in touch with Anton Tedesko. Paul Witmer, manager of the Hershey Lumber Company to solicit plans for a new building. According to the Hershey Community Archives, Mr. One of the first major breakthroughs was when the Hershey Chocolate Company wanted to build a shell structure for a sports arena. There were many designs and few built structures. Thus, Roberts and Schaefer published the first load tests carried out on barrel shells in the United States (Hines and Billington).Ī memorial tribute in the National Academy of Engineering journal, Volume 8 (1996), says that the Depression slowed the progress of thin shell construction. Since the Brook Hill stalls were temporary, Tedesko tested them under ultimate loads before taking them down after the Fair. Tedesko served as the principal advisor to the Weiskopf and Pickworth engineers, to whom he gave copious amounts of calculations as guidelines.įor the World’s Fair in 1933, Tedesko failed to obtain the contract for the German Pavilion but did get the stalls for Brook Hill Farm’s dairy exhibit. He insisted that the dome be built on more traditional falsework than on the Zeiss network from Germany. Hines and Billington say that Tedesko succeeded in arranging that the Hayden Planetarium be the first full-scale American thin concrete shell (see Figure 2). All were built within three years of each other. is captured in the story of three structures: a hemispherical dome (Hayden Planetarium), a small set of long barrels (Brook Hill Farm Dairy Exhibit at the 1933 “Century of Progress” World’s Fair in Chicago, Illinois using the Z-D system), and a large wide-spanning, short barrel roof (Hershey Sports Arena). The introduction and success of thin-shell structures in the United States is attributed to Anton Tedesko, according to Hines and Billington in “Anton Tedesko and the Introduction of This Shells in the United States, June 9, 2003.” They assert that Tedesko’s introduction of thin concrete shells in the U.S. and licensed to the Roberts & Schaefer Company in Chicago, which employed the structural engineer, Anton Tedesko (see Figure 1), who had worked with Zeiss in Europe ( Zeiss hired engineers, Dyckerhoff and Widmann, who created the solution known as the “Zeiss Dywidag System.” This system was patented in the U.S. Thus, The Carl Zeiss Company sought a high-quality dome design that could be produced efficiently. The problem in the early 1900’s was that the quality of the space used for viewing rarely matched the quality of the projector. The Carl Zeiss Company of Germany was one of the leading manufacturers of the machinery that produced the sky shows. During the early twentieth century, planetariums became very popular in Europe and the U.S. In 1976, after years of planning and development they built the first Monolithic Dome in Shelley, Idaho ( Anton Tedesko (1903-1994)Īnton Tedesko’s contribution to the history of thin-shell dome structures in the United States began in Germany. They developed an efficient method for building a strong dome using a continuous spray-in-place process. South (1939-), president of the Monolithic Dome Institute, and his brothers – Barry and Randy South. The Monolithic Dome can be attributed to David B. Essentially, each of the latter three attempted to create an umbrella roof the interior space of which could be subdivided as required, such as Torroja’s grandstand for the Zarzuela racetrack in Madrid (1935) (, 9/7/05). In the history of thin-shell structures, four of the major influences are: Anton Tedesko (1903-1994), who is attributed with much of the success of thin-shell structures in the U.S Pier Luigi Nervi (1891-1979), who in Italy gave structural integrity to the complex curves and geometry of reinforced-concrete structures such as the Orbetello aircraft hangar (begun 1938) and Turin’s exposition hall (1948-50) and the Spaniard Eduardo Torroja (1891-1961) and his pupil Felix Candela (1910-1997) who followed his lead. An introduction to the history of thin-shell dome structures in the U.S.
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